Capacitor yog ib qho khoom siv uas khaws cov nqi hluav taws xob. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus khaws cia lub zog ntawm cov capacitor dav dav thiab ultra capacitor (EDLC) yog tib yam, ob qho tib si khaws cov nqi hauv daim ntawv ntawm electrostatic teb, tab sis super capacitor yog qhov tsim nyog dua rau kev tso tawm sai thiab khaws cia lub zog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev tswj hwm lub zog raug thiab cov khoom siv thauj khoom tam sim ntawd.
Cia peb tham txog cov capacitors tseem ceeb uas yog super capacitors hauv qab no.
| Cov Khoom Sib Piv | Cov Capacitor Ib Txwm Muaj | Supercapacitor |
| Txheej txheem cej luam | Lub capacitor ib txwm muaj yog ib qho dielectric khaws cia static charge, uas yuav muaj lub zog tas mus li thiab siv dav. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob tseem ceeb hauv kev siv hluav taws xob. | Supercapacitor, tseem hu ua electrochemical capacitor, ob txheej capacitor, kub capacitor, Faraday capacitor, yog ib qho electrochemical element tsim los ntawm xyoo 1970 thiab 1980 los khaws lub zog los ntawm polarizing lub electrolyte. |
| Kev Tsim Kho | Ib lub capacitor ib txwm muaj ob lub hlau conductors (electrodes) uas nyob ze ua ke hauv parallel tab sis tsis sib cuag, nrog rau insulating dielectric nyob nruab nrab. | Ib lub supercapacitor muaj ib lub electrode, ib lub electrolyte (uas muaj ntsev electrolyte), thiab ib lub separator (tiv thaiv kev sib cuag ntawm cov electrodes zoo thiab tsis zoo). Cov electrodes raug coated nrog activated carbon, uas muaj cov qhov me me ntawm nws qhov chaw kom nthuav dav thaj tsam ntawm cov electrodes thiab txuag hluav taws xob ntau dua. |
| Cov ntaub ntawv dielectric | Aluminium oxide, polymer zaj duab xis lossis ceramics yog siv ua dielectrics ntawm electrodes hauv capacitors. | Lub supercapacitor tsis muaj dielectric. Hloov chaw, nws siv ob txheej hluav taws xob uas tsim los ntawm cov khoom khov (electrode) thiab cov kua (electrolyte) ntawm qhov sib tshuam es tsis yog dielectric. |
| Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm | Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm capacitor yog tias tus nqi yuav raug tsiv los ntawm lub zog hauv lub teb hluav taws xob, thaum muaj dielectric ntawm cov conductors, nws cuam tshuam qhov kev txav mus los ntawm tus nqi thiab ua rau tus nqi sib sau ua ke ntawm tus conductor, ua rau muaj kev sib sau ua ke ntawm kev khaws cia. | Cov supercapacitors, ntawm qhov tod tes, ua tiav ob txheej them lub zog cia los ntawm polarizing lub electrolyte nrog rau los ntawm redox pseudo-capacitive nqi. Cov txheej txheem khaws cia lub zog ntawm cov supercapacitors yog rov ua dua yam tsis muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg, thiab yog li ntawd tuaj yeem rov them thiab tso tawm ntau pua txhiab zaus. |
| Muaj peev xwm | Muaj peev xwm me dua. Lub peev xwm dav dav ntawm lub peev xwm yog txij li ob peb pF mus txog ntau txhiab μF. | Muaj peev xwm loj dua. Lub peev xwm ntawm supercapacitor loj heev uas nws siv tau ua lub roj teeb. Lub peev xwm ntawm supercapacitor nyob ntawm qhov deb ntawm cov electrodes thiab thaj chaw ntawm cov electrodes. Yog li ntawd, cov electrodes tau coated nrog activated carbon kom nce thaj chaw kom ua tiav lub peev xwm siab. |
| Lub zog ceev | Qis | Siab |
| Lub zog tshwj xeeb | <0.1 Wh/kg | 1-10 Wh/kg |
| Lub zog tshwj xeeb | 100,000+ Wh/kg | 10,000+ Wh/kg |
| Lub sijhawm them / tawm | Lub sijhawm them thiab tso tawm ntawm cov capacitors ib txwm muaj feem ntau yog 103-106 vib nas this. | Cov Ultracapacitors tuaj yeem xa cov nqi sai dua li cov roj teeb, sai li 10 vib nas this, thiab khaws cov nqi ntau dua ib chav ntim dua li cov capacitors ib txwm muaj. Qhov no yog vim li cas nws thiaj li raug txiav txim siab ntawm cov roj teeb thiab cov electrolytic capacitors. |
| Lub neej ntawm kev them / tso tawm | Luv dua | Ntev dua (feem ntau yog 100,000 +, txog li 1 lab lub voj voog, ntau tshaj 10 xyoo ntawm kev thov) |
| Kev them / tso tawm zoo | >95% | 85% -98% |
| Kub ua haujlwm | -20 txog 70 ℃ | -40 txog 70 ℃ (Cov yam ntxwv kub qis heev thiab qhov kub dav dua) |
| Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob | Siab dua | Qis dua (feem ntau yog 2.5V) |
| Tus nqi | Qis dua | Siab dua |
| Qhov zoo | Tsawg dua qhov poob Kev sib koom ua ke siab ceev Kev tswj hwm lub zog nquag thiab reactive | Lub neej ntev Muaj peev xwm loj heev Lub sijhawm them thiab tso tawm sai Tam sim no thauj khoom siab Ntau qhov kub thiab txias ua haujlwm dav dua |
| Daim Ntawv Thov | ▶ Tso zis hluav taws xob du; ▶ Kev Kho Qhov Fais Fab (PFC); ▶ Cov lim dej zaus, cov lim dej siab dhau, cov lim dej qis dhau; ▶ Kev sib txuas lus teeb liab thiab kev sib cais; ▶ Lub cev muaj zog pib; ▶ Cov buffers (cov tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov thiab cov lim suab nrov); ▶ Cov oscillators. | ▶ Cov tsheb fais fab tshiab, txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab lwm yam kev siv thauj mus los; ▶ Lub hwj chim tsis tu ncua (UPS), hloov cov txhab nyiaj electrolytic capacitor; ▶ Muab fais fab rau xov tooj ntawm tes, laptops, cov khoom siv tes ua, thiab lwm yam; ▶ Cov ntsia hlau hluav taws xob uas rov them tau uas tuaj yeem them tag nrho hauv feeb; ▶ Cov tshuab teeb pom kev thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj zog heev; ▶ICs, RAM, CMOS, moos thiab microcomputers, thiab lwm yam. |
Yog tias koj muaj lus nug lossis xav paub ntxiv, thov koj xav tiv tauj peb.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-22-2021